This review delves into the application of bio-based phase change materials (PCMs) within geopolymer matrices, with a specific focus on their environmental advantages. Geopolymers, renowned for their eco-friendly characteristics as substitutes for conventional cement-based materials, have attracted considerable attention. The review covers topics such as geopolymer technology, bio-based PCMs, recent advancements, emerging trends, and the existing challenges in upscaling, durability, and standardization when integrating bio-based PCMs into geopolymer matrices. In conclusion, this review represents a valuable resource for individuals dedicated to promoting environmental sustainability in the realms of construction and materials. Bio-based geopolymer composites incorporating PCMs are poised to play a pivotal role in the pursuit of more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient building materials.