Researchers all around the world were focusing on the search for new biomaterials due to their sustainable benefits. Abundance and diversity in natural fibers arouse wide challenges and opportunities for comprehensive research in developing a high-performance environmentally friendly biopolymer composite. Natural fiber composites were considered a solution to replacing synthetic fiber materials since synthetic fiber composites are toxic and create a polluting environment. Besides, natural fibers are cheap, low density, have comparable mechanical properties, and lower carbon footprints. Knowledge in the proper selection of natural fiber-based composite materials entails a prerequisite for incubation of sustainable industrialization, which yields benefits to society. Keeping the above factors, this chapter attempts to review conventional plant fibers and their exploitation to their full potential. Additionally, this chapter reviews the recently established novel fibers, their characteristics, and how they affect the mechanical properties of the composites. The applications and futuristic prospects were also discussed in depth.