This study investigates the feasibility of using cabbage waste in vermicomposting and evaluates its potential as an agricultural input. The primary objective was to determine the optimal ratio of cow dung to cabbage waste for effective composting by monitoring key parameters moisture, temperature, pH, and total nitrogen over a 105-day pilot-scale period. Experimental treatments involved varying mixing ratios of cow dung to cabbage waste: 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0. Critical environmental factors, including moisture content, electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, and total nitrogen, were regularly monitored to maintain optimal conditions for earthworm activity and to ensure the production of quality compost. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, with temperatures reaching a maximum of 34 °C and moisture levels consistently maintained around 87%. Laboratory analyses revealed that the 50:50 cow dung-to-cabbage waste ratio produced the highest quality vermicompost, characterized by the lowest pH and electrical conductivity values, the highest cation exchange capacity, and elevated levels of humic substances—key indicators of mature compost. Furthermore, this ratio yielded the greatest increase in earthworm biomass and population, demonstrating its suitability as an organic substrate for vermicomposting. Overall, a 1:1 mix of cow dung and cabbage waste is an effective method for recycling organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, supporting sustainable agriculture and enhancing soil health.