The growing demand for energy has intensified the need for renewable energy technologies such as water electrolyzers, highlighting the importance of developing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts. Transition metal oxides are extensively studied due to their robust nature, versatile redox properties, good conductivity, and capability to function in extreme conditions. Hence, in this study, we investigated the electrochemical behavior of the V2O5 based electrocatalyst and the influence of its electrochemical activity through the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) as dopants. We examined the catalytic performance of V₂O₅, V₂O₅/rGO, and V₂O₅/g-C₃N₄ in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline and acidic conditions, respectively. Our results showed that V₂O₅/rGO demonstrated enhanced OER performance, achieving an overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA/cm² and a Tafel slope of 86.5 mV/dec. Meanwhile, V₂O₅/g-C₃N₄ exhibited improved HER activity with an overpotential of 93 mV at 10 mA/cm² and a Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec. The underlying mechanisms for both OER and HER are discussed, and stability tests conducted via chronopotentiometry indicated that the electrocatalysts maintain stability for over 12 h.